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In this article, we will discuss the blood sugar levels chart for low, normal, and high ranges in detail. So, you can get treated quickly and cure yourself completely.
BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL CHART
| FASTING | RANGE |
|---|---|
| Normal for a person without diabetes | 70 – 99 mg/dL (3.9 – 5.5 mmol/L) |
| Official ADA recommendation for someone with diabetes | 80 – 130 mg/dL (4.4 – 7.2 mmol/L) |
| 2 HOURS AFTER MEALS | RANGE |
| Normal for a person without diabetes | Less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) |
| Official ADA recommendation for someone with diabetes | Less than 180 mg/dL (10.0 mmol/L) |
| HBA1C | RANGE |
| Normal for a person without diabetes | Less than 5.7% |
| Official ADA recommendation for someone with diabetes | 7.0% or less |
The best way to keep your sugar level under control is by regularly checking it and monitoring your results. Also, visit your doctor regularly.
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Checking your readings regularly can help you avoid getting consequences in the future.
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Further in the article, you will know about everything in detail about how these blood sugar level readings affect your health.
Blood Sugar Levels Chart (Low, Normal, and High) Ranges
There are advanced treatments and home remedies available in today’s time that make checking and managing blood sugar levels easy. However, there is another problem and that is the ease of availability of processed foods, alcohol, and lack of physical activity.
As people do not have enough time to cook or exercise, they consume more processed food and do not exercise, this increases the risk of developing diabetes. But, if you exercise regularly and consume healthy and nutritious food then you can overcome this health issue.
So, all you have to do is just focus more on your health by losing weight with exercise and eating right.
According to the statistics of the World Health Organisation¹ (WHO), every year over 1.6 million Americans dies due to diabetes. Now you can imagine, how many millions of people die every year due to diabetes all over the world.
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Fortunately, with the help of modern treatment and testing machines, blood sugar levels can be checked regularly and lives can be saved.
What are Blood Sugar levels?
Blood sugar levels mean the level of sugar/glucose that is present in your blood. That is why it is also called blood glucose level.
Basically, when you eat food the sugar present in it gets converted into glucose to give you energy. So, glucose is the simpler type of sugar present in your body. Therefore, when you eat food with high amounts of sugar, it increases your blood glucose levels.
When you eat food, your pancreas releases a hormone known as insulin. Insulin helps in absorbing the sugar/glucose in your blood. This provides you energy so that you can perform your daily activities.
Usually, most of the carbohydrates and some fats, and proteins are high in glucose. Glucose is a form of natural sugar and that is why it is present in food.
Your blood sugar level range can be low, or normal, or even high. It depends on your diet, lifestyle, and overall health. You can also try the best fat-burning foods to lose weight quickly.
Here is a detailed explanation of blood sugar levels and how it works:
How do Blood Sugar levels work?
There are two conditions – Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia.
When you have a nutrient deficiency and you consume food that is high in glucose then your blood sugar levels will start to decline. Now, this condition is called hypoglycemia.
When your blood sugar levels decline, your pancreas secretes a hormone known as glucagon. After this, your liver releases the glucose stored in your body.
Then the glucose is converted into glycogen due to the process of glycogenesis. This process helps the body to replenish its energy levels.
There is an exact opposite condition in which the blood sugar levels increase too much and that is called hyperglycemia.
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When your body is not able to produce enough insulin, then your blood sugar levels start to increase. The reason is that glucose depends on insulin for absorption into the body.
When you do not have enough insulin in your body for normal functioning then it is called Type 1 diabetes. While on the other hand, if your body is not able to use the already present insulin correctly then it is called Type 2 diabetes.
Also remember, consuming a lot of processed food is bad for your health as it can increase your blood sugar levels. If you continue to consume bad food and along with that your body is not able to compensate with insulin production then you can develop diabetes.
Therefore, it is always recommended to consume nutrient-rich and healthy food. Also, exercise is extremely beneficial for health.
Let’s discuss in detail:
Causes of Diabetes
Glucose is extremely important for the normal functioning of your body. A small amount of glucose is produced by your muscles and your liver but the majority of the glucose comes from food.
Food gives us the essential nutrients that are required for the body’s proper functioning. Basically, food plays an important role in increasing, decreasing, or managing your blood sugar levels.
So, if you have poor nutrition or health problems or you live a sedentary lifestyle then it can directly impact your blood sugar levels. Let’s take a look at the causes in detail:
High Blood Sugar Level – The Causes
The main cause of many conditions including diabetes is high blood sugar levels. These causes are:
Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is more common in comparison to Type 1 diabetes. Only around 5% of Americans suffer from type 1 diabetes. In this condition, a person’s own immune system damages its insulin-producing cells. This causes a drop in insulin levels so, blood sugar levels increase.
Type 2 diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is a more severe condition than Type 2 diabetes. In this condition, your body is not able to use insulin correctly. Your pancreas release more insulin because your body cannot absorb it properly. This results in insulin resistance.
Gestational diabetes
Some women develop insulin resistance during pregnancy, this is called gestational diabetes. It is a very common condition and it usually occurs when the woman is in her second trimester or the third trimester.
The reason is that your body experiences hormonal changes and it causes problems with the normal functioning of insulin. The good thing is that gestational diabetes goes away right after your delivery.
Cystic fibrosis
Sometimes, patients suffering from cystic fibrosis develop hyperglycemia. This is caused due to immunosuppressant medicines or steroids that the patient consumes.
The reason is that these medicines increase blood sugar levels. It also gives symptoms like an increased need for urination and increased thirst. As it is caused during the treatment of cystic fibrosis so it is a temporary condition and gets cured as soon as you stop the medicines.
Medication
Medicines contain steroids and using them for a longer period of time can cause liver problems. For example, the liver can become insulin resistant, this is similar to type 1 diabetes.
Low Blood Sugar Level – The Causes
Most of the causes of low blood sugar levels can be prevented. The reason is that they are caused by your lifestyle and eating habits. The people who take insulin for diabetes also suffer from this problem.
Taking a lot of medicines
When you take a lot of insulin medicines, it can cause low blood sugar levels. These medicines are usually called glinides or sulphonylureas.
Now, the problem is when insulin is over-produced, the body goes into panic mode and it starts resisting insulin. This is called insulin resistance. In this condition, the body is not able to absorb blood sugar properly.
Skipping meals
Skipping meals, excessive dieting, or not eating on time can cause a drop in insulin levels. Eating at regular intervals helps in maintaining insulin levels.
Avoiding carbohydrates
Carbohydrates give energy so they are essential for your body’s proper functioning. Foods that are a good source of carbs are bread, fruits, cereals, potatoes, pasta, and more.
Even if you are not diabetic still your body’s sugar level will drop if you don’t consume carbohydrates because they are a source of glucose.
Excessive workout or physical activity
If your body is insulin resistant then excessive physical activity can be harmful to your health. Sugar supplies energy to your muscles. However, when you have insulin resistance, your body lacks sugar which is needed for energy.
For non-diabetic people, when you exercise, your sugar level drops and it is replenished as soon as you eat. For diabetic patients or people with insulin resistance, when you exercise, your sugar level drops but it cannot get replenished easily. The reason is that your body cannot break down glucose present in food to convert it into energy quickly.
Drinking too much alcohol
Alcohol is bad for health. Drinking too much alcohol may lead to insulin resistance. The reason is that when you drink alcohol, it increases insulin secretion. This means excessive insulin is released in your body which goes to waste. Over time, it causes an imbalance in your sugar levels.
You should know all these causes mentioned above so that you can avoid any health problems and make the necessary changes in your lifestyle.
Difference in Symptoms
Symptoms of high and low blood sugar levels can differ from each other. Here is a list of the symptoms:
| High Blood Sugar – Symptoms |
Low Blood Sugar – Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Body aches and headaches | Feeling hungry all the time |
| Hunger or extreme thirst | Too much sweating |
| Blurred vision | Tingling lips |
| Poor concentration | Shakiness |
| Fatigue | Dizziness |
| Bloating | Fatigued or feeling tired |
| Dry mouth | Palpitations |
| Too much need for urination | Mood swings |
| Wounds heal slowly | Turning pale |
It is recommended not to ignore any of these symptoms because in extreme cases it can lead to fainting, weakness, dehydration, brain fog, and vomiting. Getting treatment is important as it can help in bringing your levels back to the normal range.
High Blood Sugar Levels – Treatment
The people who have the problem of high blood sugar levels must keep a record of their levels every day. You can do it easily with the help of a home glucose meter.
The meter is very easy to use. You just need to make a tiny prick in your finger to draw a drop of blood. This blood is placed on a strip that is inserted into the meter. Then the meter gives your glucose reading.
When you do it every day, you can easily manage your levels and avoid getting any health complications in the future.
Type 1 diabetes does not have a cure but with the help of insulin and medicines, it can be easily managed. You just need to follow the instructions of your doctor correctly.
Type 2 diabetes can be cured completely and the person can even get off medication. However, this can only be done by changing your lifestyle completely. Also, if your sugar is high then you need to take your medicines.
As far as lifestyle changes are concerned, you should exercise regularly, practice yoga, eat a well-balanced nutritious diet, and practice meditation (for relieving stress). Do remember, not to avoid your doctor’s advice.
Low Blood Sugar Levels – Treatment
Treating and managing low blood sugar levels is somewhat easy. You should consult with your doctor if you experience too low symptoms. Your doctor will assist you in how you can manage your levels.
The home remedies that are recommended to relieve weakness and increase your levels instantly are eating a snack or having a drink that contains sugar. Juice or candy can also help.
Keep in mind, they are just home remedies and should not be used as a medical treatment. They just give you instant energy to overcome the symptoms.
It is recommended to keep eating something at regular intervals as it helps in maintaining normal levels.
How to calculate Blood Sugar Levels – the guide
A glucose meter is often the most used and effective method of calculating your blood sugar levels. A tiny prick is made on your finger to take out a tiny drop of blood as a sample. Then this blood is placed on a strip that is inserted into the meter for testing. It gives your result instantly.
The reading can be classified into three categories:
- Normal.
- Low.
- High.
Now, the normal reading is actually an ideal range that varies from one person to another. Keep in mind that you cannot have the same reading throughout the day.
The reading keeps changing because it depends on your diet, physical activity, and overall health. However, you can still determine whether a person is in the normal range, low range, or high range.
Medically blood sugar is calculated in the unit mmol/L (millimoles per liter) or mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter). This is a blood sugar level chart that can help you understand your readings:
BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL CHART
This is the same blood sugar level chart that is there at the beginning of this article.
| FASTING | RANGE |
|---|---|
| Normal for a person without diabetes | 70 – 99 mg/dL (3.9 – 5.5 mmol/L) |
| Official ADA recommendation for someone with diabetes | 80 – 130 mg/dL (4.4 – 7.2 mmol/L) |
| 2 HOURS AFTER MEALS | RANGE |
| Normal for a person without diabetes | Less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) |
| Official ADA recommendation for someone with diabetes | Less than 180 mg/dL (10.0 mmol/L) |
| HBA1C | RANGE |
| Normal for a person without diabetes | Less than 5.7% |
| Official ADA recommendation for someone with diabetes | 7.0% or less |
The best way to keep your sugar level under control is by regularly checking it and monitoring your results. Also, visit your doctor regularly.
Checking your readings regularly can help you avoid getting consequences in the future.
Consequences
If you get proper treatment then most of the symptoms are mild and do not have any serious consequences. However, if you do not get proper treatment or you ignore the symptoms for a long time then you can get serious health problems.
Persistent high blood sugar levels for a long time can cause a lot of damage to your blood vessels. This can then lead to other health issues like:
- Stroke
- Heart attack.
- Kidney problem or even failure.
- Blindness or other eye conditions.
- Infections in your feet caused by nerve problems.
You can avoid getting these complications if you maintain an ideal sugar level. The important thing is to consume all your medicines on time along with a healthy diet.
Also, you should always keep a track of your reading and never ignore any symptoms at all. Going for a regular medical checkup is also important.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is the highest blood sugar level that is safe?
It should be calculated when you are in a fasting state like in the morning before eating your breakfast. If it ranges between 70 to 99 mg/dL then it means your blood sugar level is in a safe range. However, if it is above 126 mg/dL then it means you have diabetes.
What is a good blood sugar level for type 2 diabetes?
It should be calculated, 2 hours after you eat a meal. If your blood sugar level is less than 140 mg/dL (or 7.8 mmol/L) then it means that you are normal. If it ranges anywhere between 140 to 199 mg/dL (or 7.8 to 11.0 mmol/L) then it means that you have prediabetes.
Now, if it ranges more than 200 mg/dL (or 11.1 mmol/L) then it means you have diabetes and you should take prescription medicines for treatment.
What should I eat if my sugar is high?
If your sugar levels are high then you should maintain a healthy overall diet that is full of nutrients. You should eat whole wheat, fruits, sweet potatoes & yams, oatmeal, nuts, legumes, garlic, yogurt.
It is important to eat in moderation and eat at regular intervals. Skipping meals is unhealthy. You should also exercise regularly.
How to check blood sugar without a meter?
The most common method to check your blood sugar level at home is with a meter but if you do not have a meter then how do you do it? If you check your level without a meter, it will not be as accurate.
There is a device known as a Continuous Glucose Monitoring Pump. This device helps in finding and recording the pattern and trend in the sugar levels in your body. It does not require a needle or a prick. It uses electromagnetic waves for reading the glucose levels in your body.
At what blood sugar level should I go to the hospital?
There are some symptoms that you should not ignore and visit the hospital as soon as possible. These symptoms include – extreme fatigue or tiredness, increased thirst, increased urination, and unwanted weight loss. These symptoms mean that there could be something wrong with your system.
Also, getting a regular health check-up is important. It helps in maintaining your health by diagnosing the disease before it gets worse.
Does squeezing the finger affect your blood sugar?
Diabetic Care did research² and the outcome was that if you squeeze the finger before the prick then it might affect the actual result. So, it affects the accuracy of the reading. If you want to get a 100% accurate reading then you should not squeeze your finger.
Can diabetes take weight loss pills?
It is recommended to consult your doctor before taking any weight loss pills if you have diabetes. The chemical compounds present in your prescription medicines may interact with the ingredients of your weight loss pills. This can cause unwanted side effects.
Therefore, it is important to check with your doctor before taking any dietary supplements if you are already taking prescription medicines.
There are some weight loss pills like PhenQ Fat Burner that are made from 100% natural ingredients that are clinically tested and proven to reduce weight safely. However, it is still recommended to not consume it along with prescription medicines. Although, it doesn’t contain any chemicals still it might interact with your prescription medicines.
Conclusion
If you are diagnosed with diabetes then you must take extra care of your diet, lifestyle, and physical activity. In addition, you should follow your doctor’s advice and take your prescription medicines.
It is recommended to regularly get health checkups for both diabetic and non-diabetic people as it can help you keep a track of your health. This way you can avoid getting any severe health issues in the future.
Do remember, reducing your stress levels is extremely important to live a healthy and disease-free life. So, be happy and laugh more, and also try doing meditation!
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